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    Is early exposure to cannabis associated with bipolar disorder? Results from a Finnish birth-cohort study

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    Author
    Sami, Musa
    Keyword
    Substance-related disorders
    Mood disorders
    Bipolar disorder
    Cannabis
    Date
    2022
    
    Metadata
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    DOI
    10.1111/add.15881
    Publisher's URL
    https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/add.15881
    Abstract
    BACKGROUND AND AIMSThere are few longitudinal studies assessing the association of cannabis use and subsequent onset of bipolar disorder. We aimed to measure the association between early cannabis exposure and subsequent bipolar disorder.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSObservational study linking a sample from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (n=6,325) to nationwide register data to examine the association of life-time cannabis exposure at age 15/16 years and subsequent bipolar disorder until age 33 (until the end of 2018). 6,325 individuals (48.8% males) were included in the analysis.MEASUREMENTSCannabis exposure was measured via self-report. Bipolar disorder was measured via bipolar disorder-related diagnostic codes (ICD-10: F30.xx, F31.xx) collected from the Care Register for Health Care 2001-2018, the Register of Primary Health Care Visits 2011 - 2018, the medication reimbursement register of the Social Insurance Institution of Finland 2001 - 2005 and the disability pensions of the Finnish Center for Pensions 2001 - 2016. Potential confounders included demographic characteristics, parental psychiatric disorders, emotional and behavioral problems and other substance use.FINDINGS352 adolescents (5.6 %) reported any cannabis use until the age of 15-16 years. Of the whole sample, 66 (1.0 %) were diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Adolescent cannabis use was associated with bipolar disorder (hazard ratio [HR] =3.46; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.81-6.61). This association remained statistically significant after adjusting for sex, family structure, and parental psychiatric disorders (HR =3.00; 95% CI 1.47-6.13) and after further adjusting for adolescent emotional and behavioral problems (HR =2.34; 95% CI 1.11-4.94). Further adjustments for frequent alcohol intoxications, daily smoking and lifetime illicit drug use attenuated the associations to statistically non-significant.CONCLUSIONSIn Finland, the positive association between early cannabis exposure and subsequent development of bipolar disorder appears to be confounded by other substance use.
    Citation
    Denissoff, A., Mustonen, A., Alakokkare, A.-E., Scott, J. G., Sami, M. B., Miettunen, J. & Niemelä, S. (2022). Is early exposure to cannabis associated with bipolar disorder? Results from a Finnish birth-cohort study. Addiction, 117(8), pp. 2264-2272.
    Type
    Article
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12904/15315
    Collections
    Bipolar Disorder

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