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    Mechanisms and targets of angiogenesis and nerve growth in osteoarthritis.

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    Author
    Walsh, David A
    Keyword
    Research
    Physiological aspects
    Neovascularization
    Osteoarthritis
    Homeostasis
    Date
    2012-05
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Publisher's URL
    https://www.nature.com/articles/nrrheum.2012.80
    Abstract
    During osteoarthritis (OA), angiogenesis is increased in the synovium, osteophytes and menisci and leads to ossification in osteophytes and the deep layers of articular cartilage. Angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors might both be upregulated in the osteoarthritic joint; however, vascular growth predominates, and the articular cartilage loses its resistance to vascularization. In addition, blood vessel growth is increased at--and disrupts--the osteochondral junction. Angiogenesis in this location is dependent on the creation of channels from subchondral bone spaces into noncalcified articular cartilage. Inflammation drives synovial angiogenesis through macrophage activation. Blood vessel and nerve growth are linked by common pathways that involve the release of proangiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, β-nerve growth factor and neuropeptides. Proangiogenic factors might also stimulate nerve growth, and molecules produced by vascular cells could both stimulate and guide nerve growth. As sensory nerves grow along new blood vessels in osteoarthritic joints, they eventually penetrate noncalcified articular cartilage, osteophytes and the inner regions of menisci. Angiogenesis could, therefore, contribute to structural damage and pain in OA and provide potential targets for new treatments.
    Citation
    Mapp, P. I. and Walsh, D. A. (2012) ‘Mechanisms and targets of angiogenesis and nerve growth in osteoarthritis’, Nature Reviews Rheumatology, 8(7), p. 390
    Publisher
    Nature Reviews Rheumatology
    Type
    Article
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12904/15565
    Collections
    Rheumatology

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