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    Cortical impoverishment in a stable subgroup of schizophrenia: Validation across various stages of psychosis

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    Author
    Liddle, Peter F.
    Keyword
    Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    Schizophrenia
    Date
    2022
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    DOI
    10.1016/j.schres.2022.05.013
    Publisher's URL
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0920996422001888?via%3Dihub
    Abstract
    BACKGROUNDCortical thinning is a well-known feature in schizophrenia. The considerable variation in the spatial distribution of thickness changes has been used to parse heterogeneity. A 'cortical impoverishment' subgroup with a generalized reduction in thickness has been reported. However, it is unclear if this subgroup is recoverable irrespective of illness stage, and if it relates to the glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia.METHODSWe applied hierarchical cluster analysis to cortical thickness data from magnetic resonance imaging scans of three datasets in different stages of psychosis (n = 288; 160 patients; 128 healthy controls) and studied the cognitive and symptom profiles of the observed subgroups. In one of the samples, we also studied the subgroup differences in 7-Tesla magnetic resonance spectroscopy glutamate concentration in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex.RESULTSOur consensus-based clustering procedure consistently produced 2 subgroups of participants. Patients accounted for 75%-100% of participants in one subgroup that was characterized by significantly lower cortical thickness. Both subgroups were equally symptomatic in clinically unstable stages, but cortical impoverishment indicated a higher symptom burden in a clinically stable sample and higher glutamate levels in the first-episode sample. There were no subgroup differences in cognitive and functional outcome profiles or antipsychotic exposure across all stages.CONCLUSIONSCortical thinning does not vary with functioning or cognitive impairment, but it is more prevalent among patients, especially those with glutamate excess in early stages and higher residual symptom burden at later stages, providing an important mechanistic clue to one of the several possible pathways to the illness.
    Citation
    Liang, L., Heinrichs, R. W., Liddle, P. F., Jeon, P., Théberge, J. & Palaniyappan, L. (2022). Cortical impoverishment in a stable subgroup of schizophrenia: Validation across various stages of psychosis. Schizophrenia Research, DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.05.013
    Type
    Article
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12904/15695
    Collections
    Psychosis and Schizophrenia

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