Sedation from analgesics: patient preference survey

Abstract

Background The propensity for certain analgesics to cause sedation is well documented, yet physician–patient dialogue does not routinely include pre-emptive exploration of preferences regarding this side effect. Objectives To investigate the extent to which palliative patients would accept sedation as a side effect of analgesia and to identify factors affecting decision-making. Methods Patients (n=76) known to a specialist palliative care services were given hypothetical scenarios regarding pain and asked about the acceptability of varying levels of sedation occurring as an analgesic side effect. Demographic data, including diagnosis, performance status and experience of pain and sedation, were collated for evaluation of the influence of these factors on patient opinion. Results Most patients (89.47%) would be quite or very likely to accept mild sedation. A significant minority (40.79%) would accept high levels of sedation. There is no significant association with the acceptability of sedation according to demographics. Almost half (40.79%) reported that their responses may change if the prognosis were extended, typically for less sedation with a longer prognosis. Conclusions Increasing levels of sedation are less acceptable, although there is significant variation in views. Palliative care patients are likely to indicate preferences regarding their acceptability of sedation. Palliative physicians must explore preferences on an individualised basis.