Innovations in coeliac disease diagnosis and treatment

Abstract

This article provides healthcare professionals, particularly gastroenterology nurses, with a forward-looking perspective on the management of coeliac disease that emphasises an evolving, patient-centred approach. This article also examines emerging advancements in diagnosis, treatment and management, alongside their implications for nursing practice. Current diagnostic methods, while considered the gold standard, remain invasive and burdensome for patients. However, recent innovations, including no-biopsy strategies and biomarkers such as serum interleukin-2 (IL-2) and HLA-DQ–gluten tetramers, present less invasive alternatives. Advances in imaging techniques and artificial intelligence promise to further enhance diagnostic accuracy. Therapeutic developments, such as enzyme-based treatments and immune modulators, offer potential to reduce dependency on a strict gluten-free diet, thereby improving patients’ quality of life. The integration of digital health tools, telemedicine and psychological support highlights the importance of a holistic, patient-centred care model. Gastroenterology nurses play a pivotal role in implementing these advancements, particularly through education, community engagement and multidisciplinary collaboration. This article also addresses critical ethical considerations, including equitable access to care and the psychological impact of genetic screening, to ensure that all patients can benefit from these innovations.