Parent training improved maternal wellbeing and reduced attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children

Abstract

QUESTION: In 3 year old children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), how effective are parent based therapies?DesignRandomised {allocation concealed}*, blinded (outcome assessors), controlled trial with 23 weeks of follow up.SettingCommunity based study in the UK.Patients78 three year old children (62% boys) who met the validated cut off for ADHD on the Parental Account of Childhood Symptoms (PALS) ADHD/Hyperkinesis scale and whose parents reported that the child's condition warranted treatment Exclusion criteria were serious mental illness or learning disability in a parent or a previous diagnosis of a mental health condition. 7 children withdrew but were included in the analysis.Intervention30 children were assigned to parent training (PT), 28 to parent counselling and support (PCS), and 20 to a waiting list control group. The PT group received coaching in child management techniques. The PCS group received non-directive support and counselling. Both treatments consisted of a structured 8 week programme for mothers, involving 8 one hour weekly visits to the child's home by a specially trained therapist.Main outcome measuresChild ADHD symptoms, mothers' wellbeing, and recovery defined as a PALS score < 15.65.Main resultsAnalysis was by intention to treat. ADHD symptoms were reduced (p < 0.0001) and mothers' sense of wellbeing was increased (p < 0.005) by PT relative to the PC S and control groups. More children in the PT group were considered recovered by the end of the trial than those in either the PCS or control groups (table). The recovery rate for those in the PCS group did not differ from that of the control group (table).ConclusionIn 3 year old children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, parent training improved symptoms and improved maternal wellbeing.*Information provided by the author.