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    Gender dysphoria and autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review of the literature

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    Author
    Glidden, Derek
    Bouman, Walter P.
    Jones, Bethany A.
    Arcelus, Jon
    Keyword
    Gender dysphoria
    Autistic disorder
    Date
    2016
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    DOI
    10.1016/j.sxmr.2015.10.003
    Publisher's URL
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050052115000049
    Abstract
    Introduction: There is a growing clinical recognition that a significant proportion of patients with gender dysphoria have concurrent autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Aim: The purpose of this review is to systematically appraise the current literature regarding the co-occurrence of gender dysphoria and ASD. Methods: A systematic literature search using Medline and PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase was conducted from 1966 to July 2015. Main Outcome Measures: Fifty-eight articles were generated from the search. Nineteen of these publications met the inclusion criteria. Results: The literature investigating ASD in children and adolescents with gender dysphoria showed a higher prevalence rate of ASD compared with the general population. There is a limited amount of research in adults. Only one study showed that adults attending services for gender dysphoria had increased ASD scores. Another study showed a larger proportion of adults with atypical gender identity and ASD. Conclusion: Although the research is limited, especially for adults, there is an increasing amount of evidence that suggests a co-occurrence between gender dysphoria and ASD. Further research is vital for educational and clinical purposes. Copyright © 2016 International Society for Sexual Medicine.
    Citation
    Glidden, D., Bouman, W. P., Jones, B. A. & Arcelus, J. (2016). Gender dysphoria and autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review of the literature. Sexual Medicine Reviews, 4(1), pp.3-14.
    Type
    Article
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12904/8422
    Collections
    Autism
    Gender Dysphoria

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