Socioeconomic status and the risk of depression among UK higher education students

Abstract

Background: Many university students experience some symptoms of depression during the course of their studies but there is evidence that students from less advantaged backgrounds may be more vulnerable. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional online survey of 923 undergraduate students attending 6 UK Universities in the academic year 2009-2010 who completed a modified version of the Zagazig Depression Scale (ZDS). Results: Overall, 58.1 % of female and 59.9 % of male study participants screened positive for depression (> DS score[10). In the fully adjusted model, final year students (OR = 1.8) who lived in a more deprived area (OR = 2.3) were more likely to report higher rates of depressive symptoms. Additionally, students with high perceived control (OR = 1.6) whose mothers were highly educated (OR = 0.5) and from a family of a high affluence (OR = 0.3) were less likely to suffer from higher rates of depressive symptoms. The relationship between lower social economic status and depression was partly mediated by low sense of control. Conclusion: Students from less advantaged backgrounds are more at risk of depression but a strong sense of control over one's life may be protective. Application: Since depression has strong impact on students' learning and quality of life universities should consider confidential screening for mental health problems and provide additional support for students. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)